Agentic commerce hub

Agentic commerce, explained

How AI agents pay for things, the protocols that make it work, the words people use, and the companies building it. Updated every month.

9 protocols28 terms71 companies in the directoryUpdated 8 Nov 2026

What is agentic commerce?

  1. Agentic commerce is shopping and paying done by an AI agent on behalf of a person or a company: the agent finds the item, places the order and pays.
  2. Card networks gave agents their own credentials in April 2025. Mastercard launched Agent Pay on 29 April and Visa launched Intelligent Commerce a day later, both built on tokens that carry spending controls.source
  3. Checkout moved into chat apps next: OpenAI and Stripe published the Agentic Commerce Protocol in September 2025, and Google followed with the Universal Commerce Protocol in January 2026.source
  4. Software that pays per request (an API call, a dataset, a page) often uses stablecoins over x402 or the Machine Payments Protocol, where an HTTP request carries the payment.source
  5. Most agent payments draw on money placed somewhere first, such as a prefunded company wallet, an agent's stablecoin wallet or a card program's balance at the issuer.

Agentic commerce protocols

The open standards and network programs agents use to check out and pay, with the date each launched.

x402

6 May 2025
Created by Coinbase; now run by the x402 Foundation at the Linux Foundation

A server answers an unpaid request with HTTP 402 Payment Required, the client pays in stablecoins and retries, and the data comes back. No account or API key is needed.

Rail
Mainly stablecoins; cards possible as an extension
Used for
Paying per API call or per page
Official page ↗

AP2 (Agent Payments Protocol)

16 Sep 2025
Google, with more than 60 partner organisations

Records what the user approved as signed mandates: an Intent Mandate with the rules (price limit, timing) and a Cart Mandate locking the exact items and price.

Rail
Cards, bank transfers and stablecoins (A2A x402 extension)
Used for
Proving the user authorised an agent purchase
Official page ↗

ACP (Agentic Commerce Protocol)

29 Sep 2025
OpenAI and Stripe

An open standard (Apache 2.0) for an agent to run checkout with a merchant. Payment passes as a token from the merchant's payment processor (Stripe's Shared Payment Token was the first), so the agent never sees the card number. ChatGPT was the first platform to use it.

Rail
Cards and other methods through a payment processor
Used for
Checkout inside an AI assistant
Official page ↗

UCP (Universal Commerce Protocol)

11 Jan 2026
Google and Shopify, co-developed with retailers including Walmart, Target and Etsy

A common format for agents, platforms and merchants covering discovery, checkout and orders. Shopping came first; a lodging spec is in draft and food is next.

Rail
Payments through modular payment handlers, with AP2 mandates built in; account linking through OAuth 2.0
Used for
Agent shopping across many merchants
Official page ↗

MPP (Machine Payments Protocol)

18 Mar 2026
Stripe and Tempo

An agent opens a session, authorises once, and then pays within set limits. Many small payments settle together as one.

Rail
Stablecoins on Tempo; Visa and Stripe added cards, Lightspark added Bitcoin Lightning
Used for
Frequent machine-to-machine payments
Official page ↗

Visa Intelligent Commerce

30 Apr 2025
Visa

APIs that give an agent a Visa credential with controls and authentication built in, so AI platforms can let agents buy with a cardholder's card. Visa says it's still being deployed.

Rail
Visa cards
Used for
Agent purchases on Visa cards
Official page ↗

Visa Trusted Agent Protocol

14 Oct 2025
Visa, built with Cloudflare

Lets a merchant check with a cryptographic signature that a visiting bot is an approved shopping agent, using HTTP Message Signatures and Web Bot Auth.

Rail
Works alongside card payments
Used for
Telling good agents from bad bots
Official page ↗

Mastercard Agent Pay

29 Apr 2025
Mastercard

Issues Agentic Tokens tied to a registered agent, so only registered agents can pay and each payment traces back to one.

Rail
Mastercard cards
Used for
Agent purchases on Mastercard cards
Official page ↗

Glossary

Agentic commerce
Buying and selling where an AI agent does the searching, ordering and paying for a person or business.
Agentic payments
The payment step of agentic commerce: an agent moving money with a card, a wallet or a bank account it has been allowed to use.
AI agent
Software built on a language model that can take actions, such as calling an API or filling a cart, toward a goal someone gave it.
Agent wallet
A wallet an agent can spend from, usually holding stablecoins, with keys often held by a provider and limits set by the owner.
Agentic token
A card network token issued for one agent, so the agent can pay without ever holding the real card number (Mastercard's term).
Network token
A stand-in for a card number issued by a card network such as Visa or Mastercard. If it leaks, it can be cancelled without replacing the card.
Shared Payment Token
Stripe's token that lets an agent pass a buyer's payment method to one seller, with spending and expiry limits, without exposing card details.
Mandate
A signed record of what a user allowed an agent to do. AP2 uses an Intent Mandate for the rules and a Cart Mandate for the final basket.
Intent Mandate
The AP2 record of a user's request and limits, such as a price cap or a time window, signed before the agent shops.
Cart Mandate
The AP2 record signed when the user approves the exact items and price, which the merchant can check later.
Verifiable credential
A digitally signed statement that anyone can check without calling the issuer. AP2 mandates use them.
HTTP 402
The 'Payment Required' status code, reserved in the web standard since the 1990s and now used by x402 to ask for payment.
x402
An open standard where a server replies to an unpaid request with HTTP 402 and the client pays in stablecoins to get the response.
Facilitator
A service that checks and settles x402 payments onchain for a seller, so the seller's server doesn't need to run that logic.
Pay per call
Charging an agent for each API request or piece of content, sometimes a fraction of a cent, instead of a monthly plan.
Session (MPP)
In the Machine Payments Protocol, a one-time approval with limits that lets an agent make many payments that settle together.
Stablecoin
A token that tracks a currency, usually the US dollar. The most common kind is backed by cash and short-term government debt. USDC is common in agent payment tools such as x402.
Know your agent (KYA)
Checks that confirm which agent is acting and for whom, the agent version of know your customer.
Web Bot Auth
A draft web standard, first proposed by Cloudflare and now at the IETF, for a bot to sign its requests so a website can verify which agent is visiting.
Agent registration
Enrolling an agent with a card network or issuer before it can pay, as Mastercard Agent Pay requires.
Merchant of record
The business legally selling the item, which takes the payment and handles refunds and chargebacks. In agent checkout the merchant usually stays in this role.
Chargeback
A card payment reversed through the network after a dispute. Most stablecoin payments have no built-in chargeback.
Virtual card
A card number with no plastic, often created for one purchase or one agent with its own limit.
Prefunding
Putting money in place before it is spent, for example topping up a card program at the issuer or a wallet the agent pays from.
Spending limit
A cap on what an agent can spend per payment, per day or per merchant, set by the owner and enforced by the wallet or card.
MCP (Model Context Protocol)
An open standard, created by Anthropic and now run under the Linux Foundation, for connecting AI models to tools and data. Many payment providers ship MCP servers for agents.
A2A (Agent2Agent)
An open protocol, created by Google and now run under the Linux Foundation, for agents from different vendors to talk to each other. AP2 works as an extension of it.
Agentic checkout
A checkout flow built for an agent instead of a person clicking through a web page, usually over an API such as ACP or UCP.

Guides

Reading list

Specs and official docs

Reports and research

Podcasts

People to follow

Builders and operators who post about agent payments in public.

  • Vignesh SreedharWorks on agentic commerce and payments at Meta (per his X bio). Posts on issuers, liability and why agent checkouts get declined.
    @vigstar1
  • Cuy SheffieldVisa. Announced the Visa Agentic Commerce Benchmark on 5 Nov 2026.
    @cuysheffield
  • Simon TaylorWrites Fintech Brainfood and co-hosts the Tokenized podcast, including its x402 episode. Now at Tempo, which co-wrote MPP.
    @sytaylor
  • Steve KaliskiStripe. Posts about Stripe's agent payment tools.
    @stevekaliski

71 agentic commerce companies in one table: agent wallets, cards, pay-per-call, checkout and the networks behind them, with each one's status.

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Sources are linked on each entry. Last updated 8 Nov 2026.

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